Executive Order 14141: Advancing United States Leadership in Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure

Summary

The order set out a plan to build frontier AI data centers and clean energy infrastructure on Federal sites in the United States. It directed agencies to identify and lease sites, speed up permitting, expand transmission and grid interconnection, and protect electricity consumers. It required lease terms on security, clean power, and national-security access to models. The Federal Register record notes it was later revoked by an order dated Jul 23, 2025.

Who it applies to

Applies to federal executive departments and agencies, chiefly the Departments of Defense, Energy, the Interior and Commerce, and to non-Federal entities that lease Federal sites to build and operate frontier AI data centers and associated clean energy infrastructure.

Key points

• The Department of Defense and Department of Energy were to identify Federal sites and run competitive solicitations to lease land for frontier AI data centers.
• Lessees were to procure new clean power matching data center needs and bear all costs of the project.
• Lessees were to adhere to security standards for facilities and AI model weights and sign a memorandum of understanding with the AI Safety Institute for model evaluations.
• Agencies were to expedite permits and environmental reviews for AI infrastructure on Federal sites.

Key dates

Signed / adopted

Jan 14, 2025

Published (official journal)

Jan 17, 2025